| Crystallization is a common chemical process, many | | | | macromolecules, their unique features more and more |
| industrial products such as inorganic fertilizer, soda | | | | attention. As we all know, depends primarily on |
| ash, chemical reagents, rubber, rubber, polymers and | | | | molecular features of its unique three-dimensional |
| plastics, vitamins, construction materials, explosives | | | | structure. Therefore, to understand the function of |
| manufacturing, and the crystallization process is a | | | | determining that a biological macromolecules, we |
| very close relationship. As typical chemical process | | | | must examine and determine its three-dimensional |
| unit operations, crystal has the following advantages: | | | | structure. |
| ? energy consumption. Most compounds is an | | | | On the other hand, understanding the structure of |
| exothermic crystallization process, and distillation, | | | | biological macromolecules for drug design, molecular |
| drying, energy consumption compared to large unit | | | | structure and to change or modification of a specific |
| operations, distillation crystalline phase transition | | | | application features are of great importance. X-ray |
| potential is only 1/3 to 1/7, only energy intensive | | | | diffraction to determine molecular three-dimensional |
| separation RUN 10 ~ 30%. | | | | crystal structure of the most reliable method, but so |
| ? apply to azeotrope separation of complex systems | | | | far for X-ray diffraction of protein crystals of |
| and so on. Since nearly 90% of the organic | | | | biological macromolecules in this area was still one of |
| compounds for the eutectic-type system, using | | | | the main technical bottlenecks, severely restricting |
| ordinary distillation methods can not achieve their | | | | the protein engineering, rational drug Design, synthesis |
| goals. Use of extraction, azeotropic distillation | | | | and design of new vaccine development of |
| although other methods can be separated in theory, | | | | biotechnology. Protein crystallization is a complex |
| but the operation by the extraction solvent selection, | | | | physical and chemical processes, than the |
| the actual conditions in the difficult objective to | | | | crystallization of small molecule compounds, much |
| achieve complete separation; Moreover, the | | | | more difficult, mainly because of its molecular weight |
| extraction agents of other components of the | | | | and molecular conformation of complex, static |
| introduction of extended process line, to increase | | | | characteristics, physical and chemical properties of the |
| investment and operating costs, and inevitably affect | | | | instability itself with cofactor, ligand, and other special |
| the quality of the final product. And distillation, | | | | factors, many of the protein crystallization process is |
| extraction compared to the crystallization process | | | | easy to lose in the activity of protein crystal growth |
| does not introduce other substances, the high | | | | so that the work difficult. |
| selectivity of the crystallization operation, can be | | | | Often get the following results: amorphous |
| prepared from high purity or ultra-pure products (= | | | | precipitation, a large number of ceramics, twinning, |
| 99. 9% pure products chromatography). | | | | multiple crystal fusion of body, or defective single |
| ? Crystal operating temperature lower, the small | | | | crystals. Therefore, in general terms, the current |
| degree of corrosion of equipment. | | | | biological macromolecules such as protein crystal |
| ? improve the operating environment, reduce | | | | growth is still groping and empirical, to some extent |
| environmental pollution. Solution crystallization process | | | | also on the opportunity. |
| by changing the operating conditions or the addition | | | | Crystal growth has become the obstacle to the |
| of seed material to make the system critical | | | | advancement speed of the crystal structure analysis |
| components of solubility (or super saturation) | | | | of the key issues. |
| changes, the system changes from the steady-state | | | | Coach outlet stores are always the best place for |
| non-equilibrium steady state, so that a new phase | | | | coach fans to get the latest coach bags, or you can |
| generated to achieve the crystalline material and | | | | also find them from the coach outlet online stores. |
| system, other mixtures separation. | | | | Have the elegant accessories to your outfit and |
| With the development of biotechnology, protein | | | | make yourself shine. |
| drugs continue to emerge such as biological | | | | |