Learning Good Documentation Practices

If you've tried Googling the FDA requirements forthat anyone can understand your entries
Good Documentation Practices (GDP), you'll find that- Document dates in a standardized format as
they don't exist because it's an expected practicespecified in your Standard Operating Procedure
and not a Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)- Draw a diagonal line through any blank fields or
requirement. At best, you can find a few referencesempty spaces at the bottom of a page and include
in the Medical Device Quality Systems manual'N/A' along with your initials and date. Blank fields can
(Section 9) and ICH Q7A (Section IV-A).be interpreted as missing data and empty spaces at
Typically, when someone uses the term goodthe bottom of a page (e.g. lab notebooks) can give
documentation practices, it's in reference to enteringsomeone the opportunity to add data without your
data or making corrections to a controlled record.knowledge or consent.
However, there are other aspects of good- Number each page in a controlled notebook
documentation practices that include the formattingchronologically. This verifies that no pages are missing
of controlled records, signatures and approvals, and- Paginate attachments (e.g. page 1 of 10)
document hierarchy. This article focuses on how to- For instrument printouts, adhere with clear adhesive
enter data or make corrections to a controlledtape and include your initials and date where the
record.printout is attached so that part of your initials/date
The purpose of good documentation practices is towill be on the attachment and part will be on the
clearly document what actions took place in thenotebook
development or manufacture of a drug, biologics,- When entering repetitive data, do not use ditto
vaccine, medical device, etc. so that anyone, includingmarks
an auditor, has documented evidence that you didMaking Corrections To A Controlled Record
exactly what you said you did. Keep in mind that aApply the following practices when making
controlled record is considered a legal document, socorrections to a controlled record:
the data needs to be clearly documented for legal- Draw a single line through the information that
and preservation purposes. In the Biotech Industryneeds to be corrected, making sure not to scribble
we apply good documentation practices with everyout the original data, use white out or write over
record or document and require a review of thedata (e.g. turn a zero into the number nine) because
principles during your new hire training. There's ait hides the original data
saying that's drilled into you from day one 'If you- Briefly state what's wrong with the information (e.g.
didn't document it, then it didn't happen'.wrong date) and document the correct information
Entering Data Into A Controlled Record- Initial and date when the corrections were made
Apply the following practices when you're entering- NEVER back date. This is so important that it's
data into a controlled record:mentioned twice!
- Use indelible (water-resistant) blue or black ink so- Changes or additions to records post approval
that it doesn't fade over time or smudge if it getsrequire the document go through the approval
wet. No pencils or felt-tipped markers allowedprocess again
- Enter data directly in the controlled record andAlthough good documentation practices are typically
never on a piece of scrap paper in the interimfound in FDA regulated industries, it's certainly
- NEVER back date!beneficial for any industry to adopt these practices.
- Make sure the entries are accurate and legible so