Recall expands to more than half a billion eggs due to salmonella outbreak

Recall expands to more than half a billion eggs due tothe patient becomes severely dehydrated or the
salmonella outbreakinfection spreads from the intestines. Persons with
More than a half-billion eggs have so far  beensevere diarrhea may require re-hydration, often with
recalled in the nationwide investigation of a salmonellaintravenous fluids.
outbreak. It is expected that this number will goTreatment with antibiotics is not usually necessary;
beyond this present number,which may be more thanhowever, if the infection spreads from the intestines,
a billion or more. This is a recorded number of eggsor otherwise persists, the infection can be treated
recalled.The outbreak has already sickened more thanwith ampicillin, gentamicin, trimethoprim
1,000 people and the toll of illnesses is expected tosulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin, or
increase.ciprofloxacin.  The length of treatment varies
Iowa's Hillandale Farms recently said that it wasdepending on the extent of a patient's illness, and can
recalling more than 170 million eggs after laboratoryrange from 14 days for enteric fever to six weeks
tests confirmed salmonella. The company did notfor bactremia (Mayo Clinic, 2007, April 12).  Some
pass any comment  if its action was connected toSalmonella bacteria have become antibiotic-resistant.
the recall by Wright County Egg, another Iowa farmConsult your healthcare provider if you believe you
which also recalled 380 million eggs earlier lately. Thehave become ill with salmonellosis
latest recall counts the total number of potentiallySpreading of this disease through  states and
tainted eggs at about 550 million.follow-up of the Federal Rules
Nationwide, 90.4 billion eggs were produced last year,Minnesota, a state with some of the best food-borne
according to U.S. Department of Agriculture data.illness investigators in the country, has tied at least
FDA spokeswoman Pat El-Hinnawy said that  theseven salmonella illnesses to the eggs. California has
two recalls are related. The strain of salmonellareported 266 illnesses since June, 2010and believes
bacteria causing the poisoning is the same in bothmany are related to the eggs. Colorado saw 28
cases, salmonella enteritidis.cases in June and July, about four times the usual
Federal officials reported that  it's one of the largestnumber.
egg recalls in recent history. Americans consumeOther states have seen a jump in reports of the
about 220 million eggs a day, based on industrysame type of salmonella. Spikes or clusters of
estimates. Iowa is the leading egg producing state.suspicious cases have also been reported in Arizona,
The eggs recalled recently were distributed under theIllinois, Nevada, North Carolina, Texas and Wisconsin.
brand names, Hillandale Farms, Sunny Farms, SunnyThe CDC said investigations by 10 states since April
Meadow, Wholesome Farms and West Creek. Thehave identified 26 cases where more than one
new recall applies to eggs sold between April andperson became ill. Preliminary information showed that
August.Wright was the supplier in at least 15 of those.
Hillandale also reported that the eggs were distributedMuch of the investigation so far has been centered
to grocery distribution centers, retail groceries andon restaurants in California, Colorado, Minnesota and
food service companies that service or are located inNorth Carolina
fourteen states, including Arkansas, California, Iowa,The businessman who owns Wright County Egg,
Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,Jack DeCoster, has been cited for numerous health,
North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, andsafety and employment violations in the past. In
Wisconsin.1997, DeCoster Egg Farms agreed to pay $2 million in
A thoroughly cooking eggs can generally kill thefines to settle citations brought in 1996 for health and
bacteria. But health officials are recommending peoplesafety violations at DeCoster's farm in Turner, Maine.
throw away or return the recalled eggs.Wright County Egg is already facing at least two
A food safety expert at Cornell University in Ithaca,lawsuits related to the recall. One is from food
N.Y., said," The source of the outbreak could bedistributor Dutch Farms, which says the company,
rodents, shipments of contaminated hens, or taintedused unauthorized cartons to package and sell eggs
feed". Microbiology professor Patrick McDonoughunder its brand name without its knowledge. The
said," He is not surprised to hear about two recallsother is from a person who said they became ill after
involving different egg companies, because in othereating tainted eggs in a salad at a restaurant in
outbreaks there have also been multiple sources".Kenosha, Wis.
Both the plants of these farms, could have a rodentThe outbreak also raised new questions about
problem, or both plants could have gotten hens thatfederal inspections of egg farms.
were already infected, or feed that wasMcGarry cited jurisdictional issues when she told
contaminated.reporters that the agency "does not have an
"You need biosecurity of the hen house, you want ainspectional history with this firm". " When asked who
rodent control program and you want to have hensdoes have jurisdiction, McGarry pointed to the
put into that environment that are salmonella free,"Agriculture Department. Yet USDA oversees
McDonough said.voluntary grading inspections, but does not test for
"The salmonella bacteria is not passed from hen tosalmonella in shell eggs.
hen, but usually from rodent droppings to chickens",The FDA acknowledged in a statement lately that it
he added. "This strain of bacteria is found inside ahas done some inspections on egg farms already
chicken's ovaries, and gets inside an egg", he furtherlinked to recalls, but did not say anything additional
added.about whether the agency had inspected Wright
CDC officials said that the number of illnesses relatedCounty Egg.
to the outbreak is expected to grow. That's becauseCaroline Smith DeWaal, food safety director for the
illnesses occurring after mid-July may not be reportedCenter for Science in the Public Interest, said the egg
yet, said Dr. Christopher Braden, an epidemiologistrecall shows that stronger authority is needed on the
with the federal Centers for Disease Control (CDC).farm.
"Almost 2,000 illnesses from the strain of salmonella"Jurisdiction over eggs has been scrambled between
linked to both recalls were reported between Maynumerous government agencies for the last 20
and July-2010, almost 1,300 more than usual", Bradenyears, resulting in enormous delays in addressing the
said. No deaths have been reported. The CDC ishazard posed by salmonella," she said.
continuing to receive information from state healthLegislation that would increase the frequency of FDA
departments as people report their illnesses.inspections has stalled in the Senate after the House
Salmonella is the most common form of foodpassed it a year ago.
poisoning from bacteria, and the strain involved in theConsumer Concern
outbreak is the most common kind of salmonella"Consumers holding off buying eggs because of
— accounting for roughly 20 percent of all suchhealth concerns will dampen demand and lower prices,
food poisonings.more than any supply disruption," Otto, an extension
Most people who get sick with salmonella enteriditiseconomist at Iowa State University in said today in a
develop diarrhea, fever and abdominal crampstelephone interview.
between 12 and 72 hours after infection, accordingA dozen Grade A eggs cost $1.44 a dozen in July
to health officials. The illness typically lasts between-2010, 35 percent less than they cost at their all-time
four and seven days.peak in March 2008, according to the Bureau of
But babies, elderly people and those with weakenedLabor Statistics. The USDA expects prices this year
immune systems are more likely to develop severeto rise 2.5 to 3.5 percent, compared with 2 to 3
illness. Severe infections can be fatal if left untreatedpercent for food as a whole, it said last month.
with antibiotics.Avoid Salmonella from Eggs: 4 Steps to Take Now
Symptoms of Salmonella Infection1. "Eggs should be cooked until both the white and
An infectious dose of Salmonella is small, probablythe yolk are firm." In other words, solid. Avoid
from 15 to 20 cells.  Typically, non-typhoidalsoft-boiled eggs, runny scrambled eggs, and eggs
Salmonella produces a self-limiting febrileprepared sunny side up.
gastrointestinal illness that is indistinguishable from2. "Refrigerate unused or leftover egg-containing
that caused by other bacterial enteric pathogens.foods promptly." No, that doesn't mean you have to
Dehydration is the principal clinical concern. Therefrigerate every loaf of bread, cake, or muffin that's
incubation period – the time between ingestion ofbaked with eggs. But you should store the egg salad,
Salmonella bacteria and the onset of illness –casseroles, and quiches at once, or at the very least,
varies from six to 72 hours (Mayo Clinic, 2007, Aprildon't leave them outside the fridge for more than
12; MMWR Recomm Rep, 2001).two hours.
Salmonella can cause three different kinds of illness: 3. "Avoid eating raw eggs." That means no raw cake
gastroenteritis, typhoid fever, and bacteremia.batter, cookie dough, or Rocky-style shakes. Got
Symptoms of Salmonella gastroenteritis includethat?
diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, and/or4. "Avoid restaurant dishes made with raw or
vomiting. In mild cases diarrhea may be non-bloody,undercooked, unpasteurized eggs." This may be a bit
occur several times per day, and not be verytough because it requires you to grill your waitress,
voluminous; in severe cases it may be frequent,who may have to go into the kitchen to ask the
bloody and/or mucoid, and of high volume.chef, who may be less than thrilled. But it's certainly
Fever generally occurs in the 100°F to 102°Fimportant, since restaurants tend to be a prime
(38°C to 39°C) range. Vomiting is less commonsource of food poisoning outbreaks. Ask if any
than diarrhea. Headaches, myalgias (muscle pain), andsauces or dressings that traditionally use raw eggs,
arthralgias (joint pain) are often reported as well.such as Hollandaise sauce or Caesar salad dressing,
Whereas the diarrhea typically lasts 24 to 72 hours,use pasteurized eggs; these, like the egg whites you
patients often report fatigue and other nonspecificbuy in a carton, are heated to temperatures high
symptoms lasting 7 days or longer.enough to kill salmonella. Otherwise avoid them. Be
Treatment for Salmonella Infectionsure to also check the dessert menu: mousse,
Salmonella infections usually resolve in five to sevenmeringue, and tiramisu sometimes also contain
days, and many times require no treatment unlessuncooked eggs.