| Background | | | | and embankments. This material is lightweight, free |
| Nowadays, the advancement in civil engineering | | | | draining and compressible with low thermal |
| stream utilized tyres waste in various applications. | | | | conductivity. Shred and chips have similar properties |
| These applications were exploited due to the | | | | and are also finding use in civil engineering, from base |
| awareness and implementation of strict legislation | | | | materials to insulation. Granulate is commonly seen on |
| issued. The focus is particularly on applications that | | | | playgrounds and sports surfaces. There is also a |
| are technically beneficial and efficacy, economically | | | | range of powders available which have varied |
| viable and environmentally sound. The benefit of | | | | applications from carbon black substitutes to reclaim. |
| using waste tyres in civil engineering works is waste | | | | Energy recovery considered of tyres is now used as |
| tyre can provide advantages over traditional | | | | a supplementary non-fossil fuel. |
| aggregates. Exploited to be primary materials, it is an | | | | By reason of various criterions available in the |
| effective alternative outlet to reduce environmental | | | | market, a standard of size has been developed as a |
| burden on extraction. In recent years, the studies are | | | | reference guide in European industries system for |
| going aggressively in utilizing the tyres as building | | | | material produced from waste tyres. The terminology |
| materials. The current civil engineering practices have | | | | used for different size fractions are: |
| developed lots of method and solution in contributing | | | | (1) Powder, |
| to environmental protection. | | | | (2) Granules - 1mm to 10mm, |
| Characteristics of Waste Tyres | | | | (3) Buffing - 0 to 40mm, |
| Tyres have greater potential to compete with | | | | (4) Chips - 10mm to 50mm, |
| conventional material in engineering industries and in | | | | (5) Shreds (small) - 40mm to 75mm, |
| certain conditions it preferred as an eminence options. | | | | (6) Shreds (large) - 75mm to 300mm, |
| Tyres may be suitable as an option due to certain | | | | (7) Cut - 300mm to half-tyre, |
| factors such as below: | | | | (8) Whole tyre, and |
| - Tyres are relatively abundant | | | | (9) Tyre bales. |
| - Requirement to used lightweight material as filling | | | | Overview of Waste Tyres in Civil Engineering |
| - Requirement for flexible and durable material in long | | | | Applications |
| term | | | | It is recently, the stir of utilizing rubber derived from |
| - Prerequisite to have material that high resistance to | | | | waste tyre in mass concrete as replacement of |
| chemical activity, water and sound proof and thermal | | | | portions of aggregates. However, the idea was |
| insulation. | | | | anticipated more than a decade ago by pioneers |
| Waste tyres have lots of characteristics that make | | | | researcher where among them are Eldin and Senouci |
| them problematic waste. Ironically, these | | | | (1993), Topçu (1995) and Khatib and Bayomy |
| characteristics also made them valuable sources in | | | | (1999). Other than that, waste tyre derivative are |
| civil engineering practice. These include being | | | | widely used in pavement construction and flooring, |
| lightweight, durable, inert and have excellent thermal | | | | lightweight material, and as energy fuel. The viability |
| insulation. The physical and chemical properties of | | | | of utilization tyre derived products in many |
| tyres or their derivative determine whether or not | | | | engineering works has support and encourages |
| they will be suitable for a particular application. These | | | | further exploitation in related field thus enhanced the |
| characteristics also permit determination of the most | | | | existing method. |
| appropriate category of used tyre or derivative for | | | | In the follow-up article, I will elaborate more on |
| each proposed application. | | | | waste tyre applications in specific civil engineering |
| They are then particularly suitable for use in civil | | | | fields such as in building materials, pavement, and |
| engineering applications such as noise barriers, reefs | | | | drainage. |